What is the main advantage of a splined coupling?

The main advantage of a splined coupling is that it enhances torque transmission between shafts. Splined couplings consist of grooves or splines that interlock between two components, allowing for a strong mechanical connection. This design facilitates the efficient transfer of torque from one shaft to another, making it ideal for applications that require high torque capacity while accommodating some misalignment or axial movement.

This robust connection helps prevent slippage and maintains the integrity of the torque being transmitted, which is critical in various mechanical systems. The ability to effectively transmit torque is one of the key reasons why splined couplings are widely used in automotive, aerospace, and industrial machinery applications.

In contrast, the other options focus on different mechanics that do not align with the primary function of a splined coupling. For example, while some couplings may allow for different shaft speeds or accommodate fluctuating shaft lengths, splined couplings excel specifically in transferring torque, which is why they are preferred in many high-torque applications. Additionally, reducing friction is not a primary function of splined couplings, rather, they are designed to maintain a secure connection between shafts to maximize performance under load.