What does "planned obsolescence" refer to in product design?

"Planned obsolescence" in product design refers to the practice of intentionally designing products with a limited lifespan or features that will quickly become outdated. This encourages consumers to purchase new products more frequently rather than using older models for a longer time. This strategy is often used to drive sales and ensure that a company maintains its revenue stream by persuading consumers that they need the latest version of a product, even if their current one is still functional.

In contrast, creating long-lasting products, making items that are easily repaired, or producing environmentally friendly products all aim to extend a product's usability, reduce waste, and promote sustainability, which directly oppose the concept of planned obsolescence.