What can be a consequence of planned obsolescence?

Planned obsolescence refers to the strategy where products are intentionally designed to have a limited useful life or to become outdated, prompting consumers to replace them sooner. The consequence of this approach leads to increased waste and consumer disruption, as products are discarded more frequently, contributing to environmental issues and creating challenges in waste management.

This practice not only affects the lifespan of products but also forces consumers to continually adjust to new products, which can lead to a sense of frustration and disruption in their buying habits. While companies may argue that planned obsolescence boosts innovation and sales, the underlying impact is an escalation in the amount of waste produced and a negative effect on sustainability efforts.

The other options either suggest benefits that don't align with the true consequences of planned obsolescence or relate to industry advantages that do not consider the broader implications of waste and disruption. For instance, sustainable product life cycles, consumer satisfaction, and reduced production costs are all outcomes that are generally not associated with the practice of planned obsolescence.